資訊自由團(tuán)體呼吁關(guān)注美國媒體面臨的威脅

由雕龍文庫 分享時(shí)間：2024-02-28 00:30:01 收藏本文

With the observation of World Press Freedom Day on Thursday, a group of press freedom organizations is calling attention to challenges faced by journalists in the United States.

The report cites a number of threats to the work of journalists, including a rise in whistleblower prosecutions, government restrictions on public information, stigmatization by politicians, physical attacks and arbitrary arrests.

"The alarming rise in threats to press freedom in the U.S. over recent years must be challenged," said Thomas Hughes, executive director of Article 19. "Not only do these threats impact on freedom of expression in the U.S., but they have repercussions around the world."

Article 19 joined with the Committee to Protect Journalists, International Freedom of Expression Exchange, International Press Institute, Index on Censorship and Reporters Without Borders to interview U.S. journalists.

Their report said despite current threats, protections in the U.S. Constitution make media in the United States among the most free in the world. But it noted instances of President Donald Trump's statements, most notably his rejection of what he calls "fake news," being echoed by leaders in other countries, including Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and Myanmar's de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi.

The report notes a rise in whistleblower prosecutions began under former President Barack Obama, and expresses concern about the Trump administration's positions on reporters' abilities to protect their sources. It also faults Trump for verbal attacks on the media, saying those have helped embolden other politicians to do the same.

Reporters Without Borders cited those concerns in its own annual press freedom rankings last week as it dropped the United States down two spots.

The White House rejected criticisms, with Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders telling reporters she thinks the Trump administration is "one of the most accessible" in decades.

這個(gè)星期四是世界資訊自由日。一些倡導(dǎo)資訊自由的組織呼吁關(guān)注美國媒體工作者面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

一份報(bào)告列舉了媒體工作者面臨的威脅，包括更多的舉報(bào)人被起訴、政府限制公共信息、被政界人士蒙污、受人身攻擊、以及被任意逮捕。

“憲法第19條”的執(zhí)行總監(jiān)休斯說：“必須挑戰(zhàn)美國近年來資訊自由受到越來越多威脅的現(xiàn)象。這些威脅不僅影響美國的言論自由，而且在全世界都有連鎖反應(yīng)。”

“憲法第19條”組織與保護(hù)記者委員會(huì)、國際言論自由交流會(huì)、國際資訊研究所、審查指數(shù)以及記者無國界一道和一些美國記者進(jìn)行了談話。

他們的報(bào)告說，盡管有當(dāng)前的威脅，但是美國憲法的保護(hù)使得美國媒體位于全世界最自由的媒體之列。不過報(bào)告還說，川普總統(tǒng)的言辭，特別是他聲稱反對的“假資訊”，引起世界其它國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的共鳴，包括委內(nèi)瑞拉總統(tǒng)馬杜羅、敘利亞總統(tǒng)阿薩德以及緬甸實(shí)際上的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人昂山素季。

報(bào)告說，在前美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬執(zhí)政期間就有越來越多的舉報(bào)人被起訴。這份報(bào)告還對川普行政當(dāng)局針對記者保護(hù)消息來源的立場表示擔(dān)心。報(bào)告批評(píng)川普總統(tǒng)對媒體發(fā)出的口頭抨擊，還說這種做法鼓勵(lì)了其他政界人士予以效仿。

記者無國界組織在它上星期公布的資訊自由年度排名報(bào)告里把美國的排名降低了兩個(gè)名次。